The history of anthropogenetic process of soil shows that until XX century, on the majority of areas in Europe, including Poland, the main processes were quantitative changes. They resulted from natural environment changes into arable lands. This caused unification of soils due to artificial merging former O, Ah and part of deeper horizons into Ap horizons. Cultural soils occur locally and their share in anthropogenic soils is little. A negative effect of soil anthropogenesis is soil erosion acceleration. Apart from a negative effect on agricultural suitability of soils, erosion became a factor differentiating soil cover in hilly areas on a scale not existing in the nature.