RESEARCH PAPER
Chemical composition of compost from municipal waste in the context of use as fertiliser
1
Zakład Gleboznawstwa i Chemii Rolniczej, Uniwersytet Przyrodniczo-Humanistyczny w Siedlcach
Final revision date: 2018-07-24
Acceptance date: 2018-07-24
Publication date: 2018-09-26
Corresponding author
Marcin Becher
Zakład Gleboznawstwa i Chemii Rolniczej, Uniwersytet Przyrodniczo-Humanistyczny w Siedlcach, ul Konarskiego 2, 08-110 Siedlce, Polska
Zakład Gleboznawstwa i Chemii Rolniczej, Uniwersytet Przyrodniczo-Humanistyczny w Siedlcach, ul Konarskiego 2, 08-110 Siedlce, Polska
Acta Agroph. 2018, 25(3), 329-341
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
In the study problem of chemical properties assessment, including quantity and quality of organic matter, compost produced on the basis of organic fraction of municipal waste was undertaken. Six composts originating from central-eastern Poland were included in the research. The following analyzes were performed: pH; salinity; content of C, N, P, K and heavy metals, fractional composition of organic matter (after decalcation, bitumens, fulvic acids, humic acids and post-extraction residue) and properties of humic acids (elemental composition and spectrophotometric properties).
The analyzed composts were characterized by a similar chemical nature. They were considered to be chemically and biologically stabilized. They are characterized by a significant potential for soil enrichment in soil humus and biogenic elements. The content of heavy metals in the tested composts did not constitute a barrier to fertilizer use. The contribution of carbon of humic substances (separated by 0.1 M NaOH) ranged from 23.3% to 31.2%. Among humic substances prevailed the most stable humic acids, with the ratio of humic to fulvic carbon from 2.07 to 3.03. The elemental composition of humic acids of the tested composts was similar to those occurring in humus horizons of intensively used arable soils. Spectrophotometric parameters indicated a low degree of their humification.
METADATA IN OTHER LANGUAGES:
Polish
Właściwości chemiczne kompostów z odpadów komunalnych w kontekście nawozowego wykorzystania
kompost, substancje humusowe, kwasy huminowe
W pracy naukowej podjęto problem badawczy oceny właściwości chemicznych, w tym ilości i jakości materii organicznej, kompostu produkowanego na bazie frakcji organicznej odpadów komunalnych. Badaniami objęto sześć kompostów pochodzących z środkowo-wschodniej Polski. Wykonano następujące analizy: odczyn, zasolenie, zawartość węglanów, zawartość C, N, P, K, metali ciężkich, skład frakcyjny materii organicznej (frakcje: po dekalcytacji, bituminów, kwasów fulwowych, kwasów huminowych i poekstrakcyjna pozostałość) oraz właściwości kwasów huminowych (skład elementarny i właściwości spektrofotometryczne).
Badane komposty charakteryzowały się podobieństwem natury chemicznej. Uznano je za ustabilizowane chemicznie i biologicznie. Charakteryzują się znacznym potencjałem wzbogacania gleb w próchnicę glebową i pierwiastki biogenne. Metale ciężkie zawarte w badanych kompostach nie stanowiły bariery przy nawozowym wykorzystaniu. Udział węgla substancji humusowych (wydzielonych 0,1 M NaOH) wynosił 23,3-31,2. Wśród substancji humusowych zdecydowanie przeważały bardziej stabilne kwasy huminowe, przy stosunku węgla kwasów huminowych do fulwowych od 2,07 do 3,03. Skład elementarny kwasów huminowych badanych kompostów był zbliżony do występujących w poziomach próchnicznych intensywnie użytkowanych gruntów ornych. Parametry spektrofotometryczne świadczyły o małym stopniu ich humifikacji.
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