In the paper the results of the measurements of soil moistening made at the depth of 5, 10, 20, 30, 50, 70 and 100 cm in the uncultivated soil and in the soil with rye and potato were used. The studies were carried out at the Agrometeorological Station in Lipki in the years 1961-2000. It was found out that the moistening of the uncultivated soil reflects current meteorological conditions, whereas in the cultivated soil a significant element contributing to the changes of the soil moistening is the species and the growth phase of the cultivated plant. Under rye and potato the period of the lowest moistening of soil on average occurs in their critical periods including respectively phenophases of flowering - cropping and flowering - withering of potato vines and the largest differences of moistening as compared to uncultivated soil occur in both plants at the depth of 50 cm. In the analyzed years a negative moistening tendency can be observed in the uncultivated soil from April to September, whereas under rye only in April and in May and under potato in May and June. The largest negative trend of soil moistening was observed in May.