Surface heterogeneity concerns not only a soil in its entirety, but also particular components of solid soil phase. Energetical heterogeneity, described by a distribution function giving the amount of adsorbing centres versus their energy, and, consequently, by the value of the average adsorption energy, as well as geometrical (or structural heterogeneity), described by surface or by mass fractal dimension, not only influence essentially several physico-chemical processes occurring in soils, but they can also be used as parameters characterizing soil materials. This work is concerned with a brief review of some recent publications concerning the problems of evaluation of the energetic and geometric heterogeneities of soil materials. Numerous theoretical methods of description of surface heterogeneity of soils are now frequently used to interpret soils' changeability due to their cultivation, due to their degradation and to describe soils transformations caused by the changes in the composition of organic matter, pH, content of minerals, as well as to explain mechanism of adsorption of vapours and ionic solutions by soils, degradation of soils and water retention in soils. Fractal concepts and fractal analysis have been applied not only to characterize soil materials, but also to describe spatial variability of same soil properties.