Microscope analysis of two generations of wheat grain crops grown from microwave heated seeds
1
Department of Biochemistry and Food Analysis, Agricultural University, ul. Mazowiecka 48, 60-623 Poznań
2
2Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, The Division of Food Science, Polish Acad-emy of Science, ul. Tuwima 10, 10-747 Olsztyn
Acta Agroph. 2007, 10(3), 727-737
KEYWORDS
ABSTRACT
Significant reduction of grain damage by insect pests can be achieved by application of physical methods, among them microwave heating, beside chemical methods - for example pesticides. This paper presents the indirect effect of microwave heating of wheat grain, Begra variety, within temperature range from 28 to 98oC, on grain microstructure in two generations crops. The two highest temperatures applied during microwave heating process of wheat grain with initial moisture content 12.2% before sowing weakened the germination power in grain samples treated for 120 s (79oC) and 180 s (98oC), and in consequence lowered grain yield by 9% and 57%, respectively. No visible changes in microstructure of pericarp, aleurone layer, subaleurone and starchy endosperm of wheat kernels collected in two generations crops grown from microwave treated seeds were found. However, some small changes in external epidermal cells were noted, but only in the first generation crop examined by SEM.
METADATA IN OTHER LANGUAGES:
Polish
Analiza mikroskopowa ziarna pszenicy dwu pokoleń wyhodowanych z nasion ogrzanych mikrofalami
ziarno pszenicy, ogrzewanie mikrofalowe, analiza mikroskopowa, pokolenia następcze
Znaczne ograniczenie strat powodowanych przez owady w magazynowanym ziarnie zbóż można osiągnąć, stosując fizyczne metody między innymi ogrzewanie mikrofalowe obok chemicznych metod, np. pestycydy. Praca zawiera wyniki badań wpływu wybranych dawek ogrzewania mikrofalowego w zakresie temperatur od 28oC do 98oC na zmiany mikrostruktury ziarniaków pszenicy odmiany Begra w dwu kolejnych pokoleniach. Stwierdzono, że przedsiewne ogrzewanie ziarna pszenicy o wilgotności 12,2% za pomocą mikrofal o czasie ekspozycji 120 s (79oC) i 180 s (98oC) negatywnie wpłynęło na zdolność kiełkowania ziarna, a tym samym spadek uzyskanego plonu ziarna pierwszego pokolenia odpowiednio o 9% i 57%. Nie stwierdzono pośredniego wpływu ogrzewania mikrofalowego na mikrostrukturę okrywy owocowo-nasiennej, warstwy aleuronowej, subaleurowej i bielma ziarniaków pszenicy zebranych w dwu kolejnych pokoleniach. Odnotowano natomiast niewielkie zmiany komórek epidermy zewnętrznej, ale tylko dla ziarna zebranego w pierwszym pokoleniu, które analizowano pod elektronicznym mikroskopem skaningowym (SEM).
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| eISSN: | 2300-6730 |
| ISSN: | 1234-4125 |
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