In the years 2003-2006, at the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn Experimental Station in Tomaszkowo, a field experiment was carried out on the cultivation of winter wheat cultivar Rysa, cultivated after winter wheat. The aim of the study was to determine the effects of various methods of tending and nitrogen fertilisation on winter wheat yielding and yield structure. The best yielding of winter wheat was observed for protection against weeds with the mechanical-chemical method (6.68 t∙ha-1) and with herbicide only (6.60 t∙ha-1 ). In the case of harrowing, the yield was significantly lower (6.16 and 6.39 t∙ha-1 on average, respectively). Method of nitrogen application did not have any significant effect on yielding. All the cultivation treatments appeared to favourably affect the values of yield structure elements, especially in plots with herbicide as well as harrowing and herbicide. Plant fertilisation with nitrogen was found to have a significantly positive effect on the yield structure elements (number of winter wheat ears per 1 m2, number of grains per 1 ear, weight of 1000 grains), without significant diversification between the nitrogen application methods. The level of winter wheat grain yield was determined, first of all, by ear density, followed by the mass of 1000 grains, and – to a lower extent – the number of grains in an ear.