In environmental studies conducted in the period of 1997-2006 in the central-eastern region of Poland, the relationship between spring wheat yields and soil properties (the content of available forms of N, P, K, Mg, the content of organic C and grain size composition), nitrogen fertilization, forecrop and wheat varieties was assessed. The data were collected from 113 farms. The results were statistically analysed with the methods of analysis of variance and multiple regression. It was found that nitrogen fertilization before forecrop and spring wheat positively affected the yields in a significant manner. The highest yield of spring wheat was observed on finely textured, first quality classification soil, on a very good wheat complex with higher availability of N, K, Mg and settled soil pH. Grain yields were differentiated depending on the cultivation year, forecrop and wheat variety.